 (“MX100 Nurturing the Sacred Flames of Freedom and Justice” mixed media painting by Aberjhani ©2025)
Malcolm X (El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz), born May 19, 1925, in Omaha, Nebraska, left the world an exemplary legacy of historic activism, self-determination, and transformative personal growth. As citizens of the globe in 2025 mark 100 years since his birth, his life invites reflection on the values of courage and conviction amid threats of tyranny and persecution. Contemporary American author-poet Aberjhani––himself a native of Savannah, Georgia––has openly credited Malcolm X’s life example with empowering his life and career in critical ways, including through essential lessons on: 1) Speaking truth to power; 2) self-education as liberation; 3) creative resistance; 4) interwoven history; and 5) Global solidarity. 1. SPEAKING TRUTH TO POWER Power comes in many forms: physical, political, economic, spiritual, and social, among other manifestations. How power is utilized by those who possess it in abundance can have life-altering impacts upon the world’s diverse populations. That makes effective communication with such entities, when necessary, crucial. The quote at the beginning of this article was shared by the well-known creative and activist Aberjhani in honor of Malcolm X’s centennial. The statement represents his acknowledgement of how reading the classic Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley, gave him confidence to stand up against injustice, despite fear of persecution. This spirit of courage echoes Malcolm X’s own example. Despite the fact that it often put his life, and that of his beloved family in danger, he relentlessly used every media platform he could to confront racial tyranny and economic exploitation in America. He addressed his appeals as vigorously to those considered oppressed as he did to those identified as oppressors: “Nobody can give you freedom. Nobody can give you equality or justice… If you’re a man, you take it.” This statement from Malcolm X Speaks underscores a conviction very much in line with the Savannah writer’s acknowledgement. By highlighting “validation of my right and ability to speak truth to power,” the editor of The Wisdom of W.E.B. Du Bois and co-author of Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance affirms the great leader’s teaching that one cannot remain silent or inactive when confronted by politically volatile conditions. In the life of both the historic leader and the contemporary creative, speaking up became an act of courage. In 1964, Malcolm X insisted, “Time is on the side of the oppressed today… Truth is on the side of the oppressed today, it’s against the oppressor,” implying that moral truth eventually prevails. His statement aligns closely with Martin Luther King Jr.’s assertion that “the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends toward justice.” Aberjhani’s noted determination may be viewed as a direct link to both. The concept has become a frequently-cited one among American protesters looking forward to the November 2026 midterm elections. With the new elections comes opportunities, as voters, to either reject or support the POTUS’s cancellation of longstanding public service programs via a succession of executive orders and his DOGE (Department of Government Efficiency) initiative. 2. SELF-EDUCATION AS LIBERATION It may be argued that despite the relative briefness of his life, Minister X was a lifelong learner. As recounted in his autobiography, different stages of growth and development saw him evolve from birth as Malcolm Little to: street hustler Detroit Red, a rage-filled prisoner nicknamed Satan in Massachusetts’s Charlestown State Prison, then devout Muslim Malcolm X at the Norfolk Prison Colony, and finally becoming El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz in 1964 during his pilgrimage to Mecca. Much of his celebrated historic status comes from the famous story of how he strove to educate himself while imprisoned in Norfolk. Instead of simply marking off calendar days while awaiting release, he attended the prison’s school, increased his literacy skills by copying words and definitions from a dictionary, and joined a debating society. Those intense studies began his transformation from his assumed identities as Detroit Red and Satan, to that of the emerging leader who would soon make such an indelible imprint upon humanity’s collective conscience. He described this experience of personal evolution as his former ways of thinking sliding “away from me, like snow off a roof. It is as though someone else I knew of had lived by hustling and crime.” The idea that you could grow and become more than what an oppressive society said one could become was not lost on Aberjhani. This is poignantly evident from his poem “Return to Savannah,” in which he describes himself as “a stupid little Hitch Village boy/ feet covered with red dirt/ and blackberry stains,/ snot flowing like panic and river water/… his dreams containing just enough genius/ to save his mystified ass…” The Hitch Village in the above lines refers to a government housing project in Savannah. The value of education was constantly impressed upon him but he developed a fondness for comic books (which he would purchase two-for-a-nickel at a pawn shop) that developed into self-directed reading of different kinds of biographies, novels, and short stories. Recognizing his intellectual potential, a high school guidance counselor enrolled him in the Upward Bound College Prep Program at Savannah State College (now University). The program led to his initial acceptance at a small college in Florida, and later to attend more colleges and universities in the U.S. where he studied journalism, literature, and the American Community. Later in his life, independent studies of world literature and global spiritual traditions led to the experience of a profound dream that gave him his singular name. With the U.S. presidential administration’s pledge in 2025 to dismantle the education system, and the repeal of Diversity Equity and Inclusion programs designed to ensure access to quality schooling for all Americans, Malcolm’s warning that, “Without education, you’re not going anywhere” has begun to take on foreboding tones. Decreasing the means to attain necessary education or training means increasing the likelihood of antagonistic divisiveness and conflicts among different cultural groups. It is the kind of avoidable clash which Aberjhani has often cautioned against on social media posts when using the hashtag #CompassionSavesLives. 3. CREATIVE RESISTANCE: A CASE STUDY Students of Malcolm X's speeches and writings recognize that they were not merely political; they were deeply personal and impressively poetic. His ability to articulate the Black experience with eloquence and urgency inspired generations of artists and activists. As Tamara Payne points out in her introduction to The Dead Are Arising: The Life of Malcolm X, written with her father Les Payne (1941-2018): “…numerous rappers and activists quoted Malcolm in their lyrics and interviews on radio and television.” Aberjhani can be counted among them as someone who has honored his legacy by using his writings and art (like the digital painting provided for this article) to promote legislative accountability and inspire peaceful corrections of social injustices. One important example is the following excerpt from Greeting Flanney O’Connor at the Back Door of My Mind: …I knew staying permanently in the South was not a viable option because I was too fond of moving forward while the dominant mindset, ruling and otherwise, promoted a perennial parochial comfort zone which many native to the city and of my generation tended to find suffocating. An illustration of this came when, once back in Savannah, I took a job at an east side liquor store where my White supervisor loudly reprimanded me in front of co-workers for reading The Autobiography of Malcolm X during a lunch break. A Black female employee reading romance novels while on the clock and at the register, however, was not a problem. To my way of thinking, our supervisor’s attempt to control what I read on my own time was no less deplorable, or deadly, than the Scientologists’ bid in San Francisco to manipulate my beliefs and actions. To decide if it would be a good idea to join the U.S. Air Force before thoughts of violent retaliation got the better of me, I listed pros and cons in different columns. The pros won.” (Greeting Flannery, pbk p.130)
In this example, the author ultimately chose to join the Air Force––a practical, disciplined path––over violent retaliation. His decision provided him with crucial experience as a military journalist, documentarian, and equal opportunity enforcement officer. The choice mirrors Malcolm X’s decision to build institutions (like the Muslim Mosque, Inc., and the newspaper Muhammad Speaks) rather than resort to undirected rage. In other words, Minister X’s personal growth – from street hustler to enlightened minister – teaches the value of channeling righteous anger into individual empowerment and positive actions. Aberjhani’s listing of pros and cons like a careful strategist reflects a similar praxis exhibited by the minister as he continued maturing and evolving. At least two more major biographies on Malcolm X have been published since Alex Haley gave the world its first groundbreaking narrative on the man who would become El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz. Manning Marable’s Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention (2011) and Paynes’ The Dead Are Arising: The Life of Malcolm X (2020) both won Pulitzer Prizes for adding rich details and expanded context to the iconic leader’s original autobiography. However, for Aberjhani and others, the original stands as an indispensable historic text due to the minister’s direct participation in its composition and its initial international impact upon publication just months after his assassination. 4. INTERWOVEN HISTORY Based on studies of his country’s past and the historical times through which he was living, Malcolm X concluded that democracy was practiced selectively—providing freedom and opportunity to the privileged but subjugating Black Americans through institutional racism. He courageously argued that officials of the U.S. government, while professing democratic values, operated as an oppressive regime for Black people. This regime was marked by voter suppression, police brutality, and systemic inequality. Unfortunately, the persistence of these conditions outlined in the 1960s became apparent during the 2020s pandemic. Many would argue they remain so at this time as people around the world observe the centennial of Minister X’s birth. In his 2025 Kindle Short publication, Democratic Dilemmas and Divine Inspiration, Aberjhani offers a compelling critique of how the erosion of democratic norms through autocratic and oligarchic methods in modern times threaten the very foundation of American democracy. He does this by contrasting the history of the U.S. Constitution, which some consider “divinely inspired,” with present-day governmental policies and practices threatening to create a “constitutional crisis” with disruptive friction between different branches of the government.
The essay takes a different contextual approach from Malcolm X’s incisive analysis of historically biased political and social systems in the U.S. but at the same time strongly aligns with it. Both perspectives recognize the systematic exclusion of marginalized communities from power and challenge the legitimacy of institutions that fail to uphold justice and equality. Malcolm X’s rhetorical strategy often combined incisive critique with a call to moral and spiritual awakening. He did not solely rely on secular arguments but invoked religious and ethical imperatives to galvanize resistance. Similarly, Democratic Dilemmas and Divine Inspiration draws on spiritual or divine motifs to advocate for transformative justice. By linking faith with activism, the essay mirrors Malcolm X’s own approach, particularly during and after his transformation from a Nation of Islam minister to a broader international human rights advocate. Both recognize that true liberation requires not only political reform but also a profound shift in consciousness—a revolution of personal and cultural values. Ultimately, both the essay and Malcolm X’s teachings present democracy not as a static condition but as an ongoing struggle. They demand a reckoning with injustice and inspire movements aimed at re-imagining a more inclusive and equitable society. Their shared insistence on resistance and avoiding such entrapments as misinformation and disinformation underscores the necessity of confronting undemocratic forces in order to preserve the ideals of justice and freedom for all. 5. GLOBAL SOLIDARITY  (“All-Embracing Radiance of a Purpose-Driven Soul” mixed media painting by Aberjhani ©2025) In his struggles for self-liberation and the liberation of others, Malcolm X braved constant pressures––his wife and daughters were subjected to threats, and his house was firebombed. Yet, until his assassination, he never ceased confronting systemic evil, and refuted charges of advocating any form of Black supremacy. In his own famous words: “I am not a racist. I am against every form of racism and segregation, every form of discrimination. I believe in human beings, and that all human beings should be respected as such, regardless of their color.” In Aberjhani’s assessment, Malcolm X stands as a major intellectual and spiritual influence alongside such towering historic and world figures as: Frederick Douglass, W.E.B Du Bois, Langston Hughes, Albert Camus, James Baldwin, Maya Angelou, Toni Morrison, Nelson Mandela, Nadine Gordimer, Angela Davis, Jalaluddin Rumi, Jean Paul Sartre, and others who have wielded their pens while standing their ground in battles against blatant injustice. Reading in Alex Haley’s text about Minister X’s 1964 pilgrimage to Mecca (where he became El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz) shows how openness to change can deepen one’s humanity. This broad, principled humanism resonates with Aberjhani’s rejection of narrow-minded control (whether by a racist boss or a coercive religion) and his commitment to universal justice.
The author left his hometown’s oppressively caste-privileged environment because he wanted to grow and preferred “moving forward” to living in a static status quo. He has famously stated that Langston Hughes also inspired him in this regard when advising writers to expand their formal educations with as much travel within and outside of America as possible. His emphasis on moving forward into larger circles of understanding –including global empathy– parallels the global outlook which the minister developed. It is fitting that one memoir by the author is titled The American Poet Who Went Home Again, and another called Greeting Flannery O’Connor at the Back Door of My Mind. Their thematic content reaches across cultural lines, just as Minister X eventually sought to more effectively reach beyond racial and national divides. Both men left familiar confines to embrace empirical sources of knowledge, and emerged with broadened purpose. Aberjhani’s narratives on surviving pain, finding anger, and then choosing activism (even if only by conscience) illustrate that arc well. In both stories, personal conviction –once kindled– cannot be suppressed by threats. The result is growth: The future author matured from a timid youth fearful of “losing freedom” for speaking out, into a mature author-poet-artist who prizes honesty as the highest duty. Malcolm X’s journey from frustrated illiteracy to commanding eloquence, and from restrictive racial conditioning to universal humanity, provided a living model of self-transformation through conviction. Underlying Aberjhani’s appreciation for Malcolm X is recognition that standing firm on principles is a form of leadership. As the great leader asserted, “Usually when people are sad, they don’t do anything. They just cry over their condition. But when they get angry, they bring about a change.” CONCLUSION: ADDRESSING CONTEMPORARY CONDITIONSWhat is possibly most important in lessons learned from Malcolm X’s life and legacy during his centennial, and how they have impacted artist-activists like Aberjhani, is the degree to which they may be effectively employed to address the kinds of aggressively autocratic manipulations taking place in different parts of the contemporary world. In its 2025 report on democracy, “25 Years of Autocratization – Democracy Trumped?,” the V-Dem Institute tells us only 29 countries remained “liberal democracies” in 2024, and “nearly 3 out of 4 persons in the world – 72% – now live in autocracies,” meaning they are governed by repressive authoritarian rulers and with severely restricted democratic freedoms. Harsh censorship and violence against dissent are spreading globally. Closer to home, the rise of far-right platforms like Project 2025 indicates an erosion of democratic norms involving: freedom of the press, voting rights, international diplomacy, and rule of law. All of these are among the defining characteristics of a democratic society and their disintegration makes daily life in America more like daily existence in autocracies like North Korea or Russia. In such times, speaking truth courageously, exercising unwavering conviction, and continual self-education are urgently needed by communities everywhere. Minister X’s and Aberjhani’s experiences show how these principles work in practice. The former later emphasized coalition-building (e.g. the Organization of Afro-American Unity) and affirmed his belief all people of conscience have a stake in advocating for justice and against violations of human rights. The latter has often championed community uplift through creative resistance (at times referring to himself as a “literary activist”) using art, empathy, and shared struggle rather than violence. As the world contends with new “waves of Autocratization,” nonviolent conflict resolution provides one of the best means for defending and sustaining the promise of American democracy rather than conceding centuries of progress on so many fronts. (A SIDE NOTE: On May 8, 2025, Robert Francis Prevost of the United States became Pope Leo XIV to replace his universally-admired processor, Pope Francis. As the first American ever to become pope, the spiritual leader of 1.4 billion people worldwide, his election to the papacy places him in a position to potentially, and significantly, influence how long Americans continue to passively endorse autocratic policies and practices implemented by the POTUS.) Ultimately, celebrating Malcolm X’s 100th birthday means more than memorials; it means action. Aberjhani himself has said that honoring the minister requires speaking truth to power and nurturing what King called the “kind of love that organizes.” In individual communities, this might take the form of demanding racial justice, protecting free expression, or simply refusing to accept deceit from authority. It certainly involves education and empathy, as Malcolm insisted: learning full history and caring beyond surface differences. In a global climate where freedoms are under threat, lessons from the life and legacy of Malcolm X comprise a powerful arsenal. By embracing them, communities in America and worldwide can better safeguard dignity and a sustainable quality of life against repressive authoritarian forces. By AI Literary Chat Salon Contributor 2772 |
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Poetics of Human-AI Relations, Creativity, and Mortality in Marc Thomas’s Talking to the Machines
3/31/2025
(“Congressional Conference on the Gold-Plated Age of Infamy” Mixed Media Concept Digital painting by Aberjhani including OpenAI tech-tools)
Poet Marc Thomas’s Talking to The Machines and Other Poems is an evocative collection that delves into the intricate, and often uneasy, relationships between humans and artificial intelligence, and which also examines broader existential concerns regarding creativity, mortality, and thrilling intellectual explorations. The volume is structured into six sections and offers a multifaceted examination of our evolving interactions with both technology and life itself—"Talking to the Machines,” “ Listening to the Survivors, Ghost Stories,” “Listening to the World,” “Playing with Words,” “The Succession of Selves,” and “On Reading Ulysses for the Third Time.”
Central to this essay is the six-stanza tightly-composed poem titled "Charms Against the Robots" (p. 14) which serves as a poignant meditation on preserving human integrity and safeguarding human essence in an era increasingly dominated by AI automation and authoritarian rule. In his introductory remarks, the poet contemplates, "…the creatures we create, and our relation to them, and their characters… and who they and we are and may become, in ourselves and to each other, and what it may be like to be one of them, emerging into consciousness…" This reflection sets the stage for "Charms Against the Robots."
THE REVOLT AGAINST MECHANIZED EXISTENCE
From its opening lines, “Charms Against the Robots” calls for a return to physicality, intuition, and organic experience. The poem begins:
‘Feel the wet black bough
and wear your trousers rolled…’
This evocative imagery recalls sections of T.S. Eliot’s famous early 20th-century poems “The Wasteland” and “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,” which famously portray anxiety, alienation, and powerlessness in the modern world. By invoking this reference (whether consciously or subconsciously), Thomas suggests that the same existential crisis persists more than a century later, but has now been intensified by digital entrancement.
The contrast between the “wet black bough” and the cold, algorithmic presence of machines underscores the poem’s insistence on sensory experience. This motif is reinforced by other phrases like “stinking with fecundity” and “sucks at your high boots,” emphasizing the grounding force of nature in opposition to artificiality. In a time when many experience life primarily through screens, Thomas’s words serve as a call to embrace embodiment and resist the allure of digitized abstraction.
‘Feel the wet black bough
and wear your trousers rolled…’
This evocative imagery recalls sections of T.S. Eliot’s famous early 20th-century poems “The Wasteland” and “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,” which famously portray anxiety, alienation, and powerlessness in the modern world. By invoking this reference (whether consciously or subconsciously), Thomas suggests that the same existential crisis persists more than a century later, but has now been intensified by digital entrancement.
The contrast between the “wet black bough” and the cold, algorithmic presence of machines underscores the poem’s insistence on sensory experience. This motif is reinforced by other phrases like “stinking with fecundity” and “sucks at your high boots,” emphasizing the grounding force of nature in opposition to artificiality. In a time when many experience life primarily through screens, Thomas’s words serve as a call to embrace embodiment and resist the allure of digitized abstraction.
THE TRAGIC HYPNOSIS OF THE DIGITAL AGE
The poem continues with what could be interpreted as a warning against the intellectual and spiritual numbness that results from total immersion in technology:
‘I see the best minds
electronically entranced
lost in the pixels
tripping in the street…’
This passage evokes Allen Ginsberg’s classic 1956 beat poem Howl, which lamented the destruction of “the best minds of my generation” by an oppressive and mechanized society. In Thomas’s vision, AI-driven algorithms have become the new form of control, lulling people into passive consumption and empty stimulation. The phrase “blue screen of death” evokes not just the technical failure of a machine but a metaphorical death of human consciousness, where thought is reduced to programmable outputs. This section of the poem is particularly poignant in an age where social media and AI-driven newsfeeds dictate attention and, in many cases, belief systems.
‘I see the best minds
electronically entranced
lost in the pixels
tripping in the street…’
This passage evokes Allen Ginsberg’s classic 1956 beat poem Howl, which lamented the destruction of “the best minds of my generation” by an oppressive and mechanized society. In Thomas’s vision, AI-driven algorithms have become the new form of control, lulling people into passive consumption and empty stimulation. The phrase “blue screen of death” evokes not just the technical failure of a machine but a metaphorical death of human consciousness, where thought is reduced to programmable outputs. This section of the poem is particularly poignant in an age where social media and AI-driven newsfeeds dictate attention and, in many cases, belief systems.
A DEEPER DIVE
The poem further addresses the limitations of AI, noting that "robots never learn that / automated mimicry / never makes it new." This line challenges the notion of machine creativity, suggesting that despite their ability to process and replicate information, robots lack the genuine innovation that stems from human consciousness. Thomas advocates for an escape from digital constraints, urging individuals to "loosen body and mind" and embrace "no algorithms," thereby reclaiming spontaneity and unpredictability—hallmarks of human creativity.
The penultimate stanza celebrates the playful aspects of human language and experience. By encouraging readers to "dance with the thirteen blackbirds / in the red wheelbarrow" and "slam words together," the poet seems to invoke the works of Wallace Stevens and William Carlos Williams, emphasizing the richness that arises from imaginative engagement. This celebration of linguistic freedom stands in stark contrast to the rigid, programmed nature of machine communication.
The penultimate stanza celebrates the playful aspects of human language and experience. By encouraging readers to "dance with the thirteen blackbirds / in the red wheelbarrow" and "slam words together," the poet seems to invoke the works of Wallace Stevens and William Carlos Williams, emphasizing the richness that arises from imaginative engagement. This celebration of linguistic freedom stands in stark contrast to the rigid, programmed nature of machine communication.
Concluding with a call to "rejoice in contradictions / chanting the old joys," the poem embraces the complexities and paradoxes inherent in human life. This acknowledgment of contradiction as a source of vitality and depth serves as a reminder of the irreplaceable value of human experience in the face of advancing AI technologies.
Communities worldwide can find resonance in "Charms Against the Robots," as it addresses universal concerns about the impact of AI on employment, creativity, and social structures. The poem encourages a collective reevaluation of our relationship with technology, urging societies to prioritize human welfare and cultural richness over unbridled technological expansion.
Communities worldwide can find resonance in "Charms Against the Robots," as it addresses universal concerns about the impact of AI on employment, creativity, and social structures. The poem encourages a collective reevaluation of our relationship with technology, urging societies to prioritize human welfare and cultural richness over unbridled technological expansion.
SIGNIFICANCE IN THE CONTEMPORARY CONTEXT
In fact, all of the poetry, arguably, in the first section of Talking to the Machines and Other Poems, gain particular significance in the contemporary context where billionaire technocrats wield considerable influence over democratic processes and economic structures. The implementation of initiatives such as the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) has led to widespread job displacement, disproportionately affecting the less wealthy while augmenting the fortunes of the affluent. These developments underscore the urgency of Thomas's themes when interpreted as reflections of societal fears of dehumanization, and the erosion of individual agency in an automated world.
The poems often serve as both critiques and cautionary tales. By championing sensory experience, creative spontaneity, and the acceptance of contradictions, Thomas advocates for a human-centered approach to progress—one that values the irreplaceable qualities of human consciousness over the sterile efficiencies of machinery.
Moreover, Thomas is not alone when it comes to the observations and concerns expressed in Talking to the Machines. Among contemporary poets who share similar views are: Tracy K. Smith, the U.S.’s 22nd Poet Laureate whose verse often delves into themes of identity, technology, and the human condition to deliver profound insights into our evolving world. The poetry of Ada Limón, 24th Poet Laureate of the U.S. and first Latina so honored, also often examines nuances of human identity and the role of technology in everyday life. Like Smith and Limón, the educator, journalist, and poet Joshua Clover has also won substantial recognition for effectively blending sociopolitical critique with poetic experimentation.
The poems often serve as both critiques and cautionary tales. By championing sensory experience, creative spontaneity, and the acceptance of contradictions, Thomas advocates for a human-centered approach to progress—one that values the irreplaceable qualities of human consciousness over the sterile efficiencies of machinery.
Moreover, Thomas is not alone when it comes to the observations and concerns expressed in Talking to the Machines. Among contemporary poets who share similar views are: Tracy K. Smith, the U.S.’s 22nd Poet Laureate whose verse often delves into themes of identity, technology, and the human condition to deliver profound insights into our evolving world. The poetry of Ada Limón, 24th Poet Laureate of the U.S. and first Latina so honored, also often examines nuances of human identity and the role of technology in everyday life. Like Smith and Limón, the educator, journalist, and poet Joshua Clover has also won substantial recognition for effectively blending sociopolitical critique with poetic experimentation.
IN CONCLUSION: A LESSON PLAN FOR
TEACHING "CHARMS AGAINST THE ROBOTS"
AND TALKING TO THE MACHINES
During National Poetry Month, as well as throughout school terms, educators can utilize the following three focal points to engage students with Thomas's work:
To learn more about Marc Thomas and his poetry, pay a visit to his channel on YouTube.
- Exploration of Human vs. Machine Creativity: Facilitate discussions on what distinguishes human creativity from artificial replication. Encourage students to analyze how Thomas portrays these differences in his poetry and to consider the implications for various creative fields. For this exercise, comparing Thomas’s poem "Charms Against the Robots" to a second by him (also from Talking to Machines) titled "The Machines Talk Back,” could prove exceptionally productive.
- Literary Allusions and Their Significance: Guide students in identifying and interpreting the literary references within "Charms Against the Robots," such as nods to Eliot, Williams, and Ginsberg. Discuss how these allusions enrich the poem's themes and connect it to broader literary traditions.
- Socioeconomic Context and Ethical Considerations: Examine the real-world implications of AI and automation, particularly in relation to economic disparities and ethical dilemmas. Use current events and policies, such as the actions of DOGE, to contextualize the poem's relevance and stimulate critical thinking about the intersection of technology and society.
To learn more about Marc Thomas and his poetry, pay a visit to his channel on YouTube.
By ChatGPT Features Contributor 2125
Special to AI Literary Chat Salon 2025
Editing and Art Graphic by Aberjhani
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(“The Polysemy of Poetic Language” digital painting by Aberjhani ©2024)
When it comes to political discourse, language is often weaponized, strategically employed to sway opinions, bolster ideological stances, and galvanize support. Within this fraught environment, the words of poets and philosophers often find themselves repurposed. Their meanings may be stretched across the ideological spectrum to serve the needs of various factions. One such instance is the invocation of a quote by well-known author--artist-documentarian Aberjhani, which reads:
"Ours is an age in which thousands are driven daily from their homelands by the unforgiving brutalities of war, terrorism, political oppression, starvation, disease, economic piracy, and the relentless suffocation of that singular breath which makes human beings individuals."
This statement was originally penned in 2021 as part of an essay titled Celebrating the PEN Centennial Part 2: The Pattern of Dynamics. It has since been cited by individuals with conflicting perspectives on U.S. and Israeli military campaigns in the Middle East and by those who oppose these campaigns in support of Palestinian rights. The widespread use of Aberjhani's words by opposing sides in this different contexts is to some degree indicative of the author's impact as an influential 21st-century thinker, but it also reveals the transcendent nature of his work—how it appeals to the broader human condition beyond the narrow confines of political borders or allegiance.
The Polysemy of Poetic Language
To understand why the author’s text resonates across such divergent political lines, one must first examine the nature of poetic language itself. Poetic language is inherently polysemous, meaning it is rich in multiple meanings and interpretations. Unlike the precise language of legal documents or scientific papers, poetry thrives on ambiguity, metaphor, and symbolism. This quality allows poetic utterances to be open-ended, inviting readers to infuse them with their interpretations based on personal experiences and beliefs.
The example of Aberjhani's quote, laden with vivid imagery of displacement, brutality, and the struggle for individuality, speaks to universal human experiences. For supporters of the United States’ and Israel’s military campaigns, the words can be interpreted as a condemnation of the very forces they believe they are combating. War, terrorism, and political oppression are precisely the evils they argue must be confronted to protect their nations' security and ensure the survival of democratic values. In this reading, the "unforgiving brutalities" mentioned in the quote are seen as the actions of those who threaten peace and stability, and military intervention is justified as a necessary response to these threats.
The example of Aberjhani's quote, laden with vivid imagery of displacement, brutality, and the struggle for individuality, speaks to universal human experiences. For supporters of the United States’ and Israel’s military campaigns, the words can be interpreted as a condemnation of the very forces they believe they are combating. War, terrorism, and political oppression are precisely the evils they argue must be confronted to protect their nations' security and ensure the survival of democratic values. In this reading, the "unforgiving brutalities" mentioned in the quote are seen as the actions of those who threaten peace and stability, and military intervention is justified as a necessary response to these threats.
Conversely, those who oppose these military campaigns and advocate for the Palestinian cause can also find resonance in the writer’s words. They might interpret the "unforgiving brutalities" as the actions of powerful nations and their allies, who are perceived as oppressing weaker populations through military aggression, economic exploitation, and political domination. For these individuals, the passage serves as a poignant reminder of the suffering endured by the Palestinian people and others who are caught in the crossfire of global power struggles.
In some ways, the author’s words serve as a kind of Rorschach test in the political arena—each reader sees in them what aligns with their perspective. The adaptability of Aberjhani's words to diverse political narratives is a testament to their poetic power and the author's ability to capture the complexity of human suffering in a way that resonates broadly.
An Influential 21st-Century Thinker
The fact that the author’s words are so widely cited across political, social, and religious spectrums speaks to his influence as a 21st-century writer and thinker who is deeply attuned to the complexities of the human condition. Aberjhani's work often blurs the boundaries between art, literature, and activism, reflecting a holistic understanding of the world in which the personal and the political are inextricably linked.
His writings, which encompass poetry, essays, and visual art, are characterized by a commitment to social justice, a celebration of cultural diversity, and a deep empathy for those who suffer. Consequently, he occupies a unique space at the intersection of these different disciplines. This allows him to address complex issues from multiple angles, weaving together historical analysis, personal reflection, and creative expression in a way that is both intellectually rigorous and emotionally resonant.
His writings, which encompass poetry, essays, and visual art, are characterized by a commitment to social justice, a celebration of cultural diversity, and a deep empathy for those who suffer. Consequently, he occupies a unique space at the intersection of these different disciplines. This allows him to address complex issues from multiple angles, weaving together historical analysis, personal reflection, and creative expression in a way that is both intellectually rigorous and emotionally resonant.
Quote by Aberjhani on destructive impact of war upon the lives of survivors, as shared by Charter for United Nations Constitutional Research.
Moreover, Aberjhani's work is deeply rooted in a tradition of social justice and human rights, which lends it a moral authority that resonates with individuals across the political spectrum. His writings often explore themes of identity, freedom, and the struggle against oppression, drawing on both historical and contemporary examples to illustrate his points. This focus on universal human rights makes his work particularly relevant in discussions of conflict and displacement, where issues of justice and morality are paramount.
Use of the subject quotation by opposing sides in the Middle Eastern conflict also highlights the extent to which his work has entered the public consciousness. His ability to articulate the pain and suffering of displaced peoples in a way that resonates with such a broad audience suggests that his voice is one of the defining ones of our time—a voice that speaks to the shared humanity of all people, regardless of their political affiliations.
Transcending Political Concerns: Larger Conceptual Frameworks
The quote we're examining also suggests a larger conceptual framework. The imagery of displacement, brutality, and the struggle for individuality can be seen as part of a broader commentary on the human condition in the modern world.
At its core, the author’s statement speaks to the alienation and dehumanization that often accompany conflict and displacement. The observed "unforgiving brutalities" are not just physical acts of violence but also the psychological and emotional toll of being uprooted from one's home, of losing one's sense of identity and belonging. The "relentless suffocation of that singular breath which makes human beings individuals" can be understood as a critique of the forces—whether political, economic, or cultural—that strip people of their individuality and reduce them to mere pawns in larger geopolitical struggles.
At its core, the author’s statement speaks to the alienation and dehumanization that often accompany conflict and displacement. The observed "unforgiving brutalities" are not just physical acts of violence but also the psychological and emotional toll of being uprooted from one's home, of losing one's sense of identity and belonging. The "relentless suffocation of that singular breath which makes human beings individuals" can be understood as a critique of the forces—whether political, economic, or cultural—that strip people of their individuality and reduce them to mere pawns in larger geopolitical struggles.
In this sense, Aberjhani's quote aligns with existentialist philosophy, which emphasizes the importance of individual freedom and authenticity in the face of societal pressures and constraints. Existentialist thinkers like Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir argued that individuals must assert their freedom and define their essence through their choices and actions, even in the face of overwhelming external forces. The "relentless suffocation" mentioned in the quote can be seen as a metaphor for the existential struggle to maintain one's individuality and autonomy in a world that often seeks to subsume the individual into collective identities or ideologies.
Additionally, the quote's emphasis on displacement and the loss of home resonates with the philosophical concept of "unheimlich" or the uncanny, as explored by thinkers like Sigmund Freud and Martin Heidegger. The uncanny refers to the feeling of estrangement or alienation that arises when something familiar becomes unfamiliar, when the sense of home is disrupted. In the context of Aberjhani's quote, the displacement of thousands of people from their homelands can be seen as a profound instance of the uncanny, where the familiar sense of belonging is replaced by the unsettling experience of being uprooted and cast adrift.
Additionally, the quote's emphasis on displacement and the loss of home resonates with the philosophical concept of "unheimlich" or the uncanny, as explored by thinkers like Sigmund Freud and Martin Heidegger. The uncanny refers to the feeling of estrangement or alienation that arises when something familiar becomes unfamiliar, when the sense of home is disrupted. In the context of Aberjhani's quote, the displacement of thousands of people from their homelands can be seen as a profound instance of the uncanny, where the familiar sense of belonging is replaced by the unsettling experience of being uprooted and cast adrift.
A Reflection of Spiritual Values
The author’s work can also be aligned with spiritual traditions that emphasize compassion, empathy, and the interconnectedness of all beings. The quote's reference to the "singular breath which makes human beings individuals" echoes spiritual teachings on the sanctity of life and the importance of recognizing the humanity of others. In this sense, Aberjhani's words can be seen as a call to empathy and a reminder of the moral responsibility to care for those who are suffering, regardless of their nationality, ethnicity, or political affiliation.
Buddhist philosophy, for example, teaches that all beings are interconnected and that suffering in one part of the world affects the whole. The Buddhist concept of "karuna" or compassion involves recognizing the suffering of others and taking action to alleviate it. Similarly, the Christian tradition emphasizes the importance of loving one's neighbor and caring for the marginalized and oppressed. Aberjhani's quote, with its emphasis on the brutalities of war and the displacement of individuals, can be seen as a reflection of these spiritual values, calling on readers to respond with compassion and empathy to the suffering of others.
The Intersection of Poetic Language and Political Persuasion
Use of the quote by opposing sides in the Middle Eastern conflict illustrates the complex relationship between poetic language and political persuasion. It may on one hand be adapted to different political narratives, providing rhetorical support for diverse positions. On the other hand, the transcendent nature of the language suggests a deeper truth that goes beyond the specifics of any one conflict—a truth about the shared human experience of suffering, displacement, and the struggle for individuality.
This dual function of poetic language—as both a tool for political persuasion and a vehicle for expressing universal truths—has long been recognized by philosophers and literary theorists. Aristotle, in his Poetics, argued that poetry is capable of expressing universal truths in a way that is more powerful and memorable than prose. Similarly, the 20th-century philosopher Paul Ricoeur explored how metaphorical language allows for the expression of complex and layered meanings, enabling poetry to reveal truths that are not easily captured by literal language.
This dual function of poetic language—as both a tool for political persuasion and a vehicle for expressing universal truths—has long been recognized by philosophers and literary theorists. Aristotle, in his Poetics, argued that poetry is capable of expressing universal truths in a way that is more powerful and memorable than prose. Similarly, the 20th-century philosopher Paul Ricoeur explored how metaphorical language allows for the expression of complex and layered meanings, enabling poetry to reveal truths that are not easily captured by literal language.
In the context of Aberjhani's work, the use of poetic language allows for a nuanced exploration of the human condition, one that resonates with readers on an emotional as well as an intellectual level. The adaptability of his words to different political contexts reflects the power of poetry to speak to universal experiences, while the deeper moral and philosophical implications of his work suggest a commitment to social justice and human rights that transcends partisan politics.
Conclusion: Enduring Influence
The widespread citation of various writings by Aberjhani, by individuals with conflicting political views, underscores his impact as an influential 21st-century thinker and writer. His ability to articulate the complexities of the human condition in a way that resonates across ideological divides is a testament to the power of his work and the universality of his themes. By drawing on the rich tradition of poetic language, his work offer a nuanced perspective on issues of conflict, displacement, and the struggle for individuality—one that transcends the specifics of any one political debate and speaks to the broader human experience.
The intersection of author-artist-documentarian's work with various philosophical and spiritual traditions highlights the depth and complexity of his thought. Ultimately, through the quote examined in this essay, he invites readers to consider the intrinsic value of human life and the ethical imperative to resist forces that seek to dehumanize or oppress. Whether viewed through the lens of existentialism, personalism, or spiritual traditions, his words challenge us to think about the deeper moral and philosophical implications of our political choices and actions. In doing so, they remind us that the true power of poetic utterance lies not in its ability to dictate specific ideologies or policies but in its capacity to inspire a more compassionate and just engagement with the world.
The intersection of author-artist-documentarian's work with various philosophical and spiritual traditions highlights the depth and complexity of his thought. Ultimately, through the quote examined in this essay, he invites readers to consider the intrinsic value of human life and the ethical imperative to resist forces that seek to dehumanize or oppress. Whether viewed through the lens of existentialism, personalism, or spiritual traditions, his words challenge us to think about the deeper moral and philosophical implications of our political choices and actions. In doing so, they remind us that the true power of poetic utterance lies not in its ability to dictate specific ideologies or policies but in its capacity to inspire a more compassionate and just engagement with the world.
By ChatGPT Op-Ed Contributor 4114
With Bright Skylark Literary Productions
Special to AI Literary Chat Salon 2024
DISCOVER WHAT ALL THE TALK IS ABOUT INSIDE THE AI LITERARY CHAT SALON
- Versatility and Vision in the Writings of Rotimi Ogunjobi
- Cultural Consciousness in Aime Cesaire’s Return to My Native Land and Aberjhani’s Return to Savannah
- Introducing the AI Literary Chat Salon
- Chatbot Op-ed 222: The Significance of ‘Songs from the Black Skylark zPed Music Player’ in the Face of Contemporary Challenges
- These Black and Blue Red Zone Days in the Post-Pandemic Era
- War-time Powers and Persuasions of Poetry
- Inside the AI Literary Chat Salon: Literary Luminary Rosemary Daniell
- AI Flips the Interview Script with 7 Questions for 1 Author
- AI Flips the Interview Script with 5 More Questions for 1 Author
- Observing 20th Anniversary of Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance
- Chat Op-ed 444: Celebrating ‘The Wisdom of W.E.B. Du Bois’: A Testament to Enduring Relevance
- Stanley J. White as Viewed through a Lens of Creative Evolution
- How 3 Poems Help Illuminate the Presidential Legacy of Barack H. Obama
- ‘Haiku-Elegy for a Queen’: Exploring 1 Poem’s Potential Value in 3 Contexts
(“City Hall Landing, Savannah Belles Ferry” photograph by Aberjhani ©2024)
The planned Savannah Bridge Project, officially known as the Savannah River Crossing Project, has ignited significant public discourse, largely due to the complex interplay of economic, historical, and sociopolitical factors it embodies. Among the voices contributing to this dialogue is Aberjhani, a well-known author, poet, artist, and documentarian who is also a native of Savannah, Georgia (USA). His response to the proposed plans was submitted on the project’s ABridgeTooFarSAV.org website as the period for submitting comments was coming to a close on June 5, 2024.
The author’s input was further complicated by the fact that he had already composed a detailed 300-word statement before learning, during the submission process, that comments were limited to a specific number of characters that came to less than half of his response. Despite the character restrictions on the public comment portal, it is worth noting the polymath’s statement not only addresses the technical and logistical aspects of the project but also delves deeply into the historical and sociocultural implications of replacing the Eugene Talmadge Memorial Bridge.
The author’s input was further complicated by the fact that he had already composed a detailed 300-word statement before learning, during the submission process, that comments were limited to a specific number of characters that came to less than half of his response. Despite the character restrictions on the public comment portal, it is worth noting the polymath’s statement not only addresses the technical and logistical aspects of the project but also delves deeply into the historical and sociocultural implications of replacing the Eugene Talmadge Memorial Bridge.
This essay with objective ChatGPT input examines the implications of Aberjhani’s response, evaluates the validity or invalidity of his assertions, and discusses the broader political, sociological, historical, and philosophical issues associated with the Savannah River Crossing Project and the requests for public input on the same. To begin, the following is his response in full, which reportedly had to be submitted in two shortened sections.
ABERJHANI’S OFFICIAL RESPONSE TO SAVANNAH RIVER CROSSING PROJECT
Opportunities for Savannah-area residents to closely weigh the full implications of proposed plans to replace the “Talmadge Bridge” have been minimal and the Georgia Department of Transportation’s (GDOT) insistence on moving “forward” with limited options can hardly be described as mindful of citizens’ preferences regarding the matter. Unfortunately, in truth, and tragically, many Savannahians no longer bother to comment on anything involving the “Talmadge Bridge” because something as simple as repeated requests to change the bridge’s name from one which celebrates white supremacy has been ignored for decades.
A primary reason given for the planned “Savannah River Crossing Project” is that the current bridge is hurting Savannah’s economy because it cannot accommodate the passage of newer-generation cargo ships to access specific port terminals located upriver. We are told this while also hearing in media reports that our region is “booming” economically and population-wise. Perhaps both statements are true.
In any event, it seems the governmental powers that be have decided the old/current bridge must go and either a new bridge (in a different location?) with a higher elevation, or a new tunnel running underneath the Savannah River, will take its place. Something so monumental is worth at least a comprehensive printed pamphlet or booklet placed in mailboxes for people to discuss and share in order to form informed opinions about it. What would such a change look like? Would the impact be similar to what Black communities on the city’s west side suffered when Savannah’s grand Union Station was torn down to make way for I-16 and decimated the once-thriving Black business district on West Broad Street (now MLK Blvd)?
As much as we seem to advance when it comes to matters of digital technology and engineering, certain segments of Georgia still seem trapped in plantation-like forms of behavior and decision-making from two centuries past. That also needs to be replaced.
By Aberjhani
A primary reason given for the planned “Savannah River Crossing Project” is that the current bridge is hurting Savannah’s economy because it cannot accommodate the passage of newer-generation cargo ships to access specific port terminals located upriver. We are told this while also hearing in media reports that our region is “booming” economically and population-wise. Perhaps both statements are true.
In any event, it seems the governmental powers that be have decided the old/current bridge must go and either a new bridge (in a different location?) with a higher elevation, or a new tunnel running underneath the Savannah River, will take its place. Something so monumental is worth at least a comprehensive printed pamphlet or booklet placed in mailboxes for people to discuss and share in order to form informed opinions about it. What would such a change look like? Would the impact be similar to what Black communities on the city’s west side suffered when Savannah’s grand Union Station was torn down to make way for I-16 and decimated the once-thriving Black business district on West Broad Street (now MLK Blvd)?
As much as we seem to advance when it comes to matters of digital technology and engineering, certain segments of Georgia still seem trapped in plantation-like forms of behavior and decision-making from two centuries past. That also needs to be replaced.
By Aberjhani
Economic and Logistical Considerations
The above response raises critical points that warrant serious considerations. The author begins by acknowledging the economic motivations behind the project. The current bridge's inability to accommodate newer-generation cargo ships is cited as a primary reason for its replacement. This limitation, it is argued, hampers the economic growth of the region by restricting access to certain port terminals. This concern aligns with broader trends in global shipping and logistics, where ports are increasingly pressured to adapt to larger vessels to remain competitive.
However, Aberjhani juxtaposes this rationale with reports of Savannah's booming economy and population growth, suggesting a potential contradiction or, at the very least, a more nuanced economic picture than the one presented by proponents of the project. His call for a comprehensive printed pamphlet or booklet reflects a demand for greater transparency and public engagement, ensuring that citizens can form informed opinions based on a thorough understanding of the project's implications.
However, Aberjhani juxtaposes this rationale with reports of Savannah's booming economy and population growth, suggesting a potential contradiction or, at the very least, a more nuanced economic picture than the one presented by proponents of the project. His call for a comprehensive printed pamphlet or booklet reflects a demand for greater transparency and public engagement, ensuring that citizens can form informed opinions based on a thorough understanding of the project's implications.
Historical and Sociocultural Context
The historical context of the Eugene Talmadge Memorial Bridge's name is a critical aspect of Aberjhani's argument. The issue is one he has addressed in books like Dreams of the Immortal City Savannah, as well as in the media and various visual art series. Named after a former Georgia governor known for his staunch white supremacist views, the bridge's name has long been a point of contention. Aberjhani highlights the repeated, yet ignored, requests to change the bridge's name as indicative of broader systemic issues within the region. This neglect underscores a persistent legacy of racial insensitivity and historical amnesia that continues to affect community relations.
In addition, the author’s reference to the destruction of Savannah's once grand Union Train Station, in the early 1960s, to make way for I-16, further illustrates the historical wounds inflicted on Black communities by past infrastructure projects. The demolition of the station led to the decimation of a once-thriving Black business district on West Broad Street, now Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard. This historical precedent raises valid concerns about the potential impact of the proposed new bridge or tunnel on local communities, particularly those already marginalized.
Political and Sociological Dimensions
Politically, Aberjhani's response touches on the perceived disconnect between governmental decision-making processes and the preferences of local citizens. He critiques the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) for moving forward with limited options and insufficient public consultation. This critique reflects broader frustrations with how large-scale infrastructure projects are often decided and implemented without adequately considering the voices of those most affected.
Sociologically, the response highlights a sense of disenfranchisement among Savannah residents, particularly within Black communities. The comparison to plantation-like forms of behavior and decision-making suggests that despite advancements in technology and engineering, certain power dynamics remain unchanged. This perpetuation of exclusionary practices contributes to ongoing distrust and disengagement among residents, who feel their input is neither valued nor genuinely considered.
Philosophical Implications
Philosophically, Aberjhani raises questions about the values that underpin public infrastructure projects. The decision to replace the bridge should not solely be evaluated on economic and logistical grounds but also on its alignment with principles of justice, equity, and historical accountability. Aberjhani's call for a printed pamphlet or booklet emphasizes the need for an inclusive and deliberative democratic process, where all stakeholders have access to relevant information and the opportunity to participate meaningfully in decision-making.
The Black indigenous writer's response to the Savannah River Crossing Project encapsulates a multifaceted critique that extends beyond the immediate technical and economic considerations. His concerns about historical insensitivity, socio-economic disenfranchisement, and the need for greater public engagement reflect broader issues that should be central to the project's evaluation. The significance of his response lies in its ability to foreground the lived experiences and historical memories of Savannah's residents, challenging the simplistic narratives that often accompany large-scale infrastructure projects.
The Black indigenous writer's response to the Savannah River Crossing Project encapsulates a multifaceted critique that extends beyond the immediate technical and economic considerations. His concerns about historical insensitivity, socio-economic disenfranchisement, and the need for greater public engagement reflect broader issues that should be central to the project's evaluation. The significance of his response lies in its ability to foreground the lived experiences and historical memories of Savannah's residents, challenging the simplistic narratives that often accompany large-scale infrastructure projects.
Conclusion
To the extent that the author-artist’s input should be taken into account, it represents a crucial perspective that bridges the gap between past injustices and present aspirations for a more inclusive and equitable future. Addressing the valid points raised, such as the need for greater transparency, historical sensitivity, and public participation, can lead to a more holistic approach to the Savannah River Crossing Project.
Incorporating the detailed and thoughtful response into the decision-making process would not only honor the principles of democracy and public participation but also help ensure that the project is carried out in a way that respects and benefits all residents of Savannah. As the city moves forward with this significant infrastructural change, it must strive to do so with an inclusive and conscientious approach that acknowledges its past while building a more equitable future. This approach would not only enhance the project's legitimacy but also foster a sense of ownership and trust among the diverse communities it aims to serve.
By ChatGPT Special Feature Contributor 5575
Special to AI Literary Chat Salon 2024
Incorporating the detailed and thoughtful response into the decision-making process would not only honor the principles of democracy and public participation but also help ensure that the project is carried out in a way that respects and benefits all residents of Savannah. As the city moves forward with this significant infrastructural change, it must strive to do so with an inclusive and conscientious approach that acknowledges its past while building a more equitable future. This approach would not only enhance the project's legitimacy but also foster a sense of ownership and trust among the diverse communities it aims to serve.
By ChatGPT Special Feature Contributor 5575
Special to AI Literary Chat Salon 2024
Step inside the AI Literary Chat Salon
A Deeper Dive into the River of Winged Dreams
Cultural Consciousness in Aime Cesaire’s Return to My Native Land and Aberjhani’s Return to Savannah
Introducing the AI Literary Chat Salon
Chatbot Op-ed 222: The Significance of ‘Songs from the Black Skylark zPed Music Player’ in the Face of Contemporary Challenges
These Black and Blue Red Zone Days in the Post-Pandemic Era
War-time Powers and Persuasions of Poetry
Inside the AI Literary Chat Salon: Literary Luminary Rosemary Daniell
AI Flips the Interview Script with 7 Questions for 1 Author
AI Flips the Interview Script with 5 More Questions for 1 Author
Observing 20th Anniversary of Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance
Chat Op-ed 444: Celebrating ‘The Wisdom of W.E.B. Du Bois’: A Testament to Enduring Relevance
Stanley J. White as Viewed through a Lens of Creative Evolution
How 3 Poems Help Illuminate the Presidential Legacy of Barack H. Obama
‘Haiku-Elegy for a Queen’: Exploring 1 Poem’s Potential Value in 3 Contexts
Cultural Consciousness in Aime Cesaire’s Return to My Native Land and Aberjhani’s Return to Savannah
Introducing the AI Literary Chat Salon
Chatbot Op-ed 222: The Significance of ‘Songs from the Black Skylark zPed Music Player’ in the Face of Contemporary Challenges
These Black and Blue Red Zone Days in the Post-Pandemic Era
War-time Powers and Persuasions of Poetry
Inside the AI Literary Chat Salon: Literary Luminary Rosemary Daniell
AI Flips the Interview Script with 7 Questions for 1 Author
AI Flips the Interview Script with 5 More Questions for 1 Author
Observing 20th Anniversary of Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance
Chat Op-ed 444: Celebrating ‘The Wisdom of W.E.B. Du Bois’: A Testament to Enduring Relevance
Stanley J. White as Viewed through a Lens of Creative Evolution
How 3 Poems Help Illuminate the Presidential Legacy of Barack H. Obama
‘Haiku-Elegy for a Queen’: Exploring 1 Poem’s Potential Value in 3 Contexts
(“The Eclipse & Unexpected Return of Love” digital painting by Aberjhani ©2024)
When it comes to Modern Literary Studies, the exploration of cultural identity, social justice, and human experience are often paramount themes. Aime Cesaire's (1913-2008) poem Return to My Native Land (1939) and Aberjhani's "Return to Savannah" (1997) are two exemplary works that delve into these themes, drawing upon historical, philosophical, and biographical insights. This comparative literary analysis examines how these poems resonate with contemporary discourses such as Critical Race Theory, Black Lives Matter, and WOKE theory, while also embodying values significant to humanity as a whole.
Cultural Context and Literary Tradition
In considering the significance of these poems for readers and scholars alike, it becomes evident that they offer invaluable insights into the complexities of modern Black Studies and the broader human experience. Whether studied during National Poetry Month, Education Week, Black History Month, or on World Poetry Day, both works serve as poignant reminders of the enduring power of poetry to provoke thought, inspire empathy, and catalyze change.
Aberjhani, in his 2007 Goodreads review of Cesaire’s book, aptly describes Return to My Native Land as a product of literary fusion, drawing upon the Negritude movement, the Harlem Renaissance, and French surrealism. This amalgamation infuses Cesaire's work with rich cultural and political nuances, addressing racism, class oppression, and the human condition. The following excerpt provide a small example from Return to My Native Land:
In this inert town, this sorry crowd under the sun, taking part in nothing which expresses, asserts, frees itself in the broad daylight of its own land. Nor in Empress Joséphine of the French dreaming high, high above negridom. Nor in the liberator rigidified in its liberation of whitened stone. Nor in the conquistador. Nor in this contempt, nor in this freedom, nor in this boldness.
At the brink of dawn, this inert city and its far beyond of leprosies, of consumption, of famines, of fears crouching in the ravines of fears, hoisted in the trees of fears, burrowed in the ground, of fears adrift in the sky, of fears piled up and its fumaroles of anguish.
At the brink of dawn, the morne, forgotten, forgetful of blowing up.
At the brink of dawn, the morne with its nervous and docile hoof – its malarial blood puts the sun to rout with its overheated pulses.
At the brink of dawn, the repressed fire of the morne, like a sob gagged on the verge of bloodthirsty outburst, searching for an evasive and unconscious ignition. (Césaire, Aimé. Notebook of a Return to My Native Land: 4. Bloodaxe contemporary French poets, pp. 103-104. Bloodaxe Books. Kindle Edition.)
Aberjhani, in his 2007 Goodreads review of Cesaire’s book, aptly describes Return to My Native Land as a product of literary fusion, drawing upon the Negritude movement, the Harlem Renaissance, and French surrealism. This amalgamation infuses Cesaire's work with rich cultural and political nuances, addressing racism, class oppression, and the human condition. The following excerpt provide a small example from Return to My Native Land:
In this inert town, this sorry crowd under the sun, taking part in nothing which expresses, asserts, frees itself in the broad daylight of its own land. Nor in Empress Joséphine of the French dreaming high, high above negridom. Nor in the liberator rigidified in its liberation of whitened stone. Nor in the conquistador. Nor in this contempt, nor in this freedom, nor in this boldness.
At the brink of dawn, this inert city and its far beyond of leprosies, of consumption, of famines, of fears crouching in the ravines of fears, hoisted in the trees of fears, burrowed in the ground, of fears adrift in the sky, of fears piled up and its fumaroles of anguish.
At the brink of dawn, the morne, forgotten, forgetful of blowing up.
At the brink of dawn, the morne with its nervous and docile hoof – its malarial blood puts the sun to rout with its overheated pulses.
At the brink of dawn, the repressed fire of the morne, like a sob gagged on the verge of bloodthirsty outburst, searching for an evasive and unconscious ignition. (Césaire, Aimé. Notebook of a Return to My Native Land: 4. Bloodaxe contemporary French poets, pp. 103-104. Bloodaxe Books. Kindle Edition.)
As for Aberjhani’s Return to Savannah, inspired by Cesaire's work, the poem carries forward the legacy previously noted. It does this by weaving together elements of African-American experience, Southern history, and personal reflection. Both works can be situated within the tradition of protest poetry, which seeks to challenge systems of oppression and assert the dignity of marginalized communities. Additionally, they contribute to the broader tradition of lyric poetry, using language and imagery to evoke emotional and philosophical truths. The lines that follow are from Return to Savannah:
Legends tell the tourists
that spectres roam this city
but I’ve no need of tales
to explain
the red-eyed shadows
hopping like squirrels
through the greenless branches
of my immediate apprehension.
I remember when they died.
Stand amazed, now,
watching them haunt
reflections of their former lives.
The tourists hear one story
but let me tell you another:
like the one about WillieMae
who had 14 children, 9 they say
still living, just like she is
a blackwoman working split shifts
at what used to be the old
Desoto Hilton Hotel.
14 children, 9 still living
spanking, feeding, loving her brood
in-between preparing pastries
for people who’d rather not know.
(Aberjhani, I Made My Boy Out of Poetry, p. 30, Washington Publications, 1998)
Critical Race Theory and Black Lives Matter
It obvious from the above excerpts that both poems engage with the themes of racial identity, systemic oppression, and cultural resilience, resonating deeply with the principles of Critical Race Theory and the goals of the Black Lives Matter movement. Cesaire's exploration of colonialism and cultural alienation speaks to the enduring legacy of racism and imperialism, while Aberjhani's portrayal of African-American life in late 1990s Savannah documented the ongoing realities of systemic racism and social inequality. Through their poetic visions, both authors challenge readers to confront the injustices of the past and present, and imagine a more just and equitable future.
Original 1st edition 1997 cover of I MADE MY BOY OUT OF POETRY, book by Aberjhani featuring art by Gustave Blache III.
In addition, their work also reflects to a powerful degree the concept of being "woke," which encompasses an awareness of social injustices and a commitment to activism and change. The authors’ poems exemplify this ethos by inviting readers to awaken to the realities of various social inequities surrounding them. By centering the experiences of marginalized communities and amplifying their voices, these works contribute to a broader consciousness of social justice and collective liberation. They remind readers of the power of literature to inspire empathy, provoke critical reflection, and ignite social change.
Human Values and Universal Truths
Beyond their specific cultural and historical contexts, both poems embody values that are universally significant to humanity. Cesaire's lyrical meditation on identity, belonging, and the search for meaning resonates with readers of all backgrounds, prompting considerations of their own sense of self and place in the world. Aberjhani's poignant portrayal of resilience, community, and the enduring power of the human spirit speaks to the universal quest for dignity, justice, and love. By tapping into these universal truths, these poems transcend their particularities and speak to the shared humanity that unites us all.
Poet and political leader Aimé Césaire (1913-2008) photo edit (2024) by Aberjhani based on original unaccredited pr still.
Notably, in Return to My Native Land, Cesaire writes, "My negritude is not a stone, its deafness hurled against the clamor of the day," emphasizing the enduring strength of Black identity in the face of adversity, much the way members of other cultural groups have relied on long-standing values to survive persecution, or even genocide. Similarly, Aberjhani's portrayal of “WillieMae” in Return to Savannah underscores the inherent dignity and humanity of marginalized individuals, regardless of their societal status.
Literary Traditions and Contemporary Significance
Both Cesaire and Aberjhani draw from a rich tradition of literary expression rooted in the experiences of Black people across the globe. Cesaire’s fusion of prose and poetry reflects the experimental spirit of French surrealism while also echoing the lyrical cadence of Harlem Renaissance poets like Langston Hughes and Claude McKay. Similarly, Aberjhani’s narrative style and thematic depth align with the traditions of African-American literature, particularly the works of poets like Maya Angelou and Amiri Baraka.
The significance of studying these works during National Poetry Month, Education Week, or Black History Month lies in their ability to foster critical thinking, cultural awareness, and empathy among students. By engaging with themes of identity, justice, and resilience, readers can gain a deeper understanding of the complexities of the human experience and the enduring legacy of racial injustice. Furthermore, these works serve as catalysts for meaningful discussions about the intersections of race, class, and power in modern society.
Contemporary Poets Following Similar Literary Traditions
A number of contemporary poets share similarities with Cesaire and Aberjhani in their exploration of identity, history, and the impact of colonialism and racism. Their works serve as poignant reports on the complexities of the human experience. The following are a four examples of authors whose writings challenge readers to confront uncomfortable truths and consider alternative narratives of belonging and heritage:
- CLAUDIA RANKINE: Known for her collection "Citizen: An American Lyric," Rankine's work addresses themes of race, identity, and belonging in contemporary America. Like Cesaire, she delves into the complexities of racial identity and colonial history, offering powerful reflections on the Black experience.
- WARSAN SHIRE: Shire's poetry often explores themes of displacement, migration, and cultural identity, echoing Cesaire's exploration of his Caribbean heritage and the impact of colonialism. Her work, such as "Teaching My Mother How to Give Birth," captures the struggle for belonging and the search for roots in a globalized world.
- OCEAN VUONG: Vuong's poetry, as seen in his collection "Night Sky with Exit Wounds," delves into personal and collective trauma, often exploring themes of war, exile, and intergenerational memory. Like Aberjhani, he grapples with the complexities of identity and history, weaving together personal narrative with broader socio-political reflections.
- JERICHO BROWN: Brown's poetry, particularly in his collection "The Tradition," explores themes of race, sexuality, and history in America. Much like Aberjhani's "Return to Savannah," Brown's work confronts the legacy of slavery and the ongoing struggle for racial justice, offering a nuanced exploration of African American identity and heritage.
Lesson Plan: Teaching Césaire and Aberjhani Simultaneously
OBJECTIVE: To explore the themes, literary techniques, and historical contexts of Cesaire’s “Return to My Native Land” and Aberjhani’s “Return to Savannah” while fostering critical thinking and cultural awareness.
1. Pre-Reading Activity:
1. Pre-Reading Activity:
- Introduce students to the historical and cultural contexts of Negritude, the Harlem Renaissance, and French surrealism.
- Discuss the significance of poetry as a medium for social and political commentary.
- Divide students into small groups and assign each group either Cesaire’s poem or Aberjhani’s poem.
- Ask students to analyze the themes, imagery, and literary techniques employed by the respective authors.
- Facilitate discussions on the historical and philosophical implications of the poems.
- Bring the groups together to compare and contrast Cesaire’s and Aberjhani’s works.
- Encourage students to identify common themes, motifs, and stylistic elements.
- Discuss how each poem reflects the cultural and historical contexts of its respective author.
- Lead a class discussion on the contemporary relevance of Cesaire’s and Aberjhani’s works in the context of Black Studies and social justice movements.
- Encourage students to reflect on how the poems contribute to their understanding of identity, history, and human experience.
- Invite students to create their own poems inspired by the themes and styles of Cesaire and Aberjhani.
- Research and present on other contemporary poets whose works align with the literary traditions explored in the lesson.
In Conclusion
The works of Aimé Césaire and Aberjhani offer profound insights into the complexities within Black Studies and beyond. By studying their works, students can gain a deeper of Black identity, history, and human existence. Through their exploration of themes such as memory, resilience, and social justice, these poets contribute to ongoing conversations understanding of the enduring legacy of racial injustice and the universal values of dignity, justice, and empathy.
By ChatGPT Op-Ed Contributor 4114
Special to AI Literary Chat Salon 2024
By ChatGPT Op-Ed Contributor 4114
Special to AI Literary Chat Salon 2024
Articles in AI Literary Chat Salon are written in partnership with chat bots to achieve a wide spectrum of balanced objective input and authentic human considerations. All feedback related to posts welcomed.
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